Apparatus for blending and conditioning tobacco



H. S. BOGATY Feb, 22, 1938.

Filed Aug. 3, 1935 7 Sheets-$heet l Feb. 22, 1938. H. BQGATY 2,109,409 APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDITIONING TOBACCO Filed Aug. a, 1953 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 e ML 7 7 i! v. 1/ a /7 lllllillliil 4 IUIH n Y //J/4J b 2 w [1 LIA /f I a 1 I w I f F7 /////H\4 4. I I

I I i H. S. BOGATY Feb. 22, 1938.

APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDITIONING TOBACC Filed Aug. 5, 1953 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 22, 1938. H, s BOGATY 2,109,409

APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDITIONING TOBACCO Filed Aug. 3, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 H. S. BOGATY Feb. 22, 1938.

APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDITIONING TOBAGO Filed Aug. 75, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 H. S. BOGATY Feb. 22,- 1938.

APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDITIONING TOBACC Filed Aug. L, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Feb. 22, 1938. s BQGATY V 2,109,409

APPARATUS FOR BLENDING AND CONDIT IONING TOBACCO Filed Aug. 3; 1933 '7 Sheets-$heet '7 APPARATUS Fon BLE AT FFIQE NDING AND CONDI- TIONING TOBACCO Hermann S. Bogaty,

Philadelphia, Pa., assig-nor to Proctor & Schwartz, Incorporated, Philadelphia, Pa., a corpcrati on of Pennsylvania Application August 3, 1933, Serial No. 683,529

5 Claims.

This invention relates to an apparatus for blending and conditioning tobacco, particularly tobacco which has been formed into bundles each containing a predetermined number or quantity of'leaves bound together at their stem ends, forming a head from which the leaves extend in'more or less loose relation to each other.

In blending tobacco, to provide a mixture containing desirable qualities of two or more different varieties in correct proportions, it is customar-y to employ a long flat continuously moving endless belt conveyer comprising an upper carrying run and a lower idle return run disposed substantially in the same vertical plane, the belt passing around suitable drums or pulleys at each of the opposite ends of the two vertically spaced runs of the conveyer.

Substantially one-half of the carrying run of the conveyer, toward one end thereof, is at all times disposed within a conditioning chamber while the remainder of the carrying run of the conveyer is out in the open and extends beyond the receiving end of the conditioning chamber, to providea loading and/or blending station in the apparatus.

The several varieties of tobacco to be blended are contained in hogsheads or other suitable receptacles disposed along the blending or loading station, adjacent the conveyer. From the difierent receptacles attendants take predetermined numbers of bundles of the diiferent tobaccos and place them in flat superposed and overlapping reiation to each other on the conveyer belt, as it passes by the sub-stations occupied by the respective attendants.

The loaded portion of the conveyer then passes into the conditioning chamber, whereinthe tobacco is subjected to circulating currents of moisture-laden air by which the dry and more or less brittle tobacco leaves are softened and prepared for subsequent processing and from which the mixture is discharged into a hopper or on to another conveyer for transportation to the apparatus by which the next step in the processing of the blended mixture is accomplished.

The capacity of such a blending and conditioning apparatus is objectionably low, due to the necessity for keeping the layer of superposed horizontally disposed and overlapping tobacco leaves relatively thin on the conveyer, in order that the conditioning medium will penetrate to the center of the laminated layer.

Penetration to the center of the layer is at the best greatly retarded, and in thick layers pre vented, by the overlapping relation of the superposed leaves, the uppermost of which presents a bafile or barrier to downwardly moving moistureladen air currents and the undermost of the overlapping leaves presents a similar barrier to upwardly moving moisture-laden air currents, whereby the moisture is carried to and around the sides of the conveyer. Laterallymoving air currents are undesirable because of their tendency to blow the leaves oif the conveyer and to break the brittle leaves and scatter them on the conveyer so'that the proportions of the different tobaccos at different places on the conveyer would not be uniform.

The principal object of the present invention is to increase the capacity of the blending and conditioning apparatus and to provide quick and substantially uniform penetration of the mass of leaves assembled on the conveyer by the conditioning medium. This object is primarily obtained by arranging the leaves in close laterally abutting substantially parallel vertical relation to each other in a substantially closed chamber or compartment, in the form of a more or less loosely compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed in and extending substantially over the entire width of the chamber or com partment, throughout substantially the entire leng h of the compartment, and by passing the conditioning medium through the mass of leaves in a direction lengthwise of the leaves.

The bundles of leaves are preferably disposed on the conveyer with the heads extending downward-1y and the leaves extending upwardly therefrom, in order to facilitate loading of the conveyer. Under such conditions the conditioning medium is passed upwardly through the mass of leaves, whereby the conclitioning medium penetrates all portions of the assembled mass substantially simultaneously by passing between the bundles and between the leaves contained in each bundle in its movement lengthwise of the leaves.

The attainment of the above noted object is facilitated by the provision of an especially constructedconveyer which in its preferred form comprises a continuous series or train of rectan gular box-like containers composed of perforated metal plate or wire mesh fabric stretched on a suitable framework, each container including a substantially flat normally horizontal base and top and relatively fixed back and side walls, while the front of each container is provided with hinged doors by which a predetermined number of bundles of leaves are confined in relatively close lateral more or less loose abutting relation to each other in the container, with the heads of the bundles resting on the horizontal base.

In order to facilitate loading and unloading of the containers said containers are connected to each other in a manner to permit relative tilting of the containers, first in one direction transversely of the normal longitudinal path of move- 'ment of the train for loading purposes, then in an opposite transverse direction for discharging the mass from the interior of the container.

By increasing the linear foot capacity of the conveyer and by passing the conditioning medium lengthwise of the leaves through the mass, whereby penetration of the mass by the conditoning medium is quickened, the length of the conditioning chamber may be proportionately shortened; and by providing the series of containers in a train the conveyer, instead of running in a vertical plane as described above, is permitted to be run in a horizontal plane; and the return run of the conveyer, instead of passing idly through or under the conditioning chamber, passes around and to one side of the conditioning chamber, whereby the return run is utilized for loading and unloading, thereby placing the loading or blending station at the one side of the conditioning chamber instead of its being at one end of the conditioning chamber and extending a considerable distance therefrom as above noted. Thus the total length of the conveyer including the carrying and return runs, is reduced to substantially one-half or less of the total length of the conveyers of the prior art, which constitutes a considerable saving of expense relative to the initial installation and subsequent maintenance.

Another feature of the invention resides in the manner of providing and forcing the conditioning medium through the masses of tobacco leaves carried by the respective containers. The loaded containers, upon entering the forward end of the conditioning chamber, are subjected first to saturated steam released under pressure below the conveyer and which, due to its own in herent pressure, is forced up through the mass of leaves carried by the containers, the moistureladen steam being heated additionally by heating coils disposed below the conveyer. As the containers progress through the conditioning chamber toward the delivery end thereof the moisture content of the conditioning medium is increased, by the spraying of water into the already partially saturated steam, which tends to reduce the temperature of the leaves as an antecooling step in the process. The containers then pass into a cooling portion of the conditioning chamber wherein the heating coils are elimihated and into which the moisture-laden steam is drawn, from the forward steaming and intermediate ante-cooling portions of the conditioning chamber, and through which the comparatively cool steam or resultant vapor is circulated, the circulating conditioning medium being herein augmented by additional spraying of water thereinto, which further reduces the temperature thereof to a point where cooling of the tobacco leaves is readily accomplished thereby. In this manner the steam of highest temperature which is first passed through the tobacco and which normally would be exhausted into the outer atmosphere is utilized in the gradual cooling of the tobacco, thus affording a considerable saving in operating costs.

The construction of the apparatus will be fully disclosed hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, of which:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of the preferred lay-out embodying the conditioning chamber and the loading station at one side thereof;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevation 01' the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation taken on the line 33, Fig. '2;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional elevation taken on the line 4-4, Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation taken on the line 55, Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged transverse sectional elevation taken on the line 6-6, Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic plan view of the steam spraying and heating piping within the conditioning chamber;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic plan view of the Water piping in the cooling portion of the conditioning chamber;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic elevation of the piping shown in Figs. 7 and 8 combined;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan view of one of the rectangular containers of which the conveyer is composed;

Fig. 11 is a front elevation of the container shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the container shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary sectional elevation showing one of the containers of Figs. 10, 11, and 12 as being tilted outwardly to discharge the contents of the container and the means for opening the doors of the container;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary front elevation of the container shown in Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a detail plan view of the door locking mechanism;

Fig. 16 is a front elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation of a modified form of conditioning apparatus showing the tobacco bundles hung head up in a vertical position on transversely extending poles carried through the conditioning chamber by longitudinally moving side chains upon which the opposite ends of the poles rest;

Fig. 18 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 18-18, Fig. 17;

Fig. 19 is a transverse sectional on the line Iii-l9, Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is the transverse sectional elevation taken on the line 2020, Fig. 18;

Fig. 21 is the transverse sectional elevation taken on the line 2l2l, Fig, 18;

Fig. 22 is aplan view of an automatic means for closing the doors of the conveyer baskets; and

Fig. 23 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2323, Fig. 22.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive comprises a casing l including a bottom or floor 2, side walls 3 and 4 and a roof 5, which collectively form a chamber 6 through which tobacco is conveyed for conditioning. The conditioning chamber may be said to be divided into two compartments by a transversely extending partition 1, the compartment at one side of the partition "i being a steaming compartment indicated at A, and the compartment at the opposite side of said partition being a cooling chamber C. The end of the steaming chamber A immediately adjacent the partition 1 may be termed an antecooling chamber or section B, as will be readily seen hereinafter.

elevation taken Extending completely through the casing I from end to end thereof are inner and outer rail sections H and I2 of a conveyer-supporting track i0", as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The conveyer track if! also comprises inner and outer rail sections Ha and Hot which are disposed outside and to one side of the casing l. The outer rail sections I2a, |2a of the track H] are connected at the opposite ends of the casing by curved sections l3 and M respectively. The inner rails sections H and Ha of the track Hi terminate adjacent the opposite ends of the casing in line with the pitch circles of sprocket wheels l5 and I5 which are disposed in horizontal planes and rotate about vertically extending axes of drive shafts l1 and |8, to which the sprocket wheels l5 and I6 are respectively secured.

Running on and supported by the rails H, Ila and passing around the sprockets Hi and I6 is an endless conveyer chain 20, which, as illustrated in Fig. 11, comprises a series of links 2| having male and female ends 22 and 23 respectively, which are adapted to be connected to the ends of the adjacent links, to complete the endless chain 20, by vertically extending pintles 24.

Each of the links 2! is provided with a pair of supporting rollers 25 rotatably mounted in the link and adapted toride on the upper surfaces of the rails I l, I la, and on horizontal flanges |5a and 56a of the sprockets I5 and H5 respectively, which are disposed in the same horizontal plane as the rails ll, Ha of the track Hi, whereby the chain 20 will travel at all times in a horizontal plane as its passes along the rails ll, Ha. and around the sprockets l5 and i6.

Each of the links 2| carries one of the rectangular containers into which the tobacco is placed for conditioning. Each container 30 comprises a rigid skeleton frame 3! including a base 32, a top 33, a back 34, sides 35 and 35 and a front 31. The top, bottom, back and sides of the container frame 3| are closed with wire mesh screen or perforated plate permitting free circulation of the conditioning medium through the container as the container is conveyed through the casing l.

The front 3'! of the container is open and is adapted to be closed to confine the tobacco within the interior of the container by doors 4|], 4|] which are hinged to the front 31 of the container 30 at 39, 39. The interior of the container 4!] is divided in half, to form compartments 36a and 3%, by a transversely extending perforated plate or wire mesh partition 38, extending from the back34 to the front 31 of said container. Access to the said compartments 30a and 3% may be had by opening the doors 40, 43 which respectively close the said compartments 30a and 3017 at the front thereof.

Springs 4|, 4| each having one end secured to one of the pivots 39 and the opposite end hearing against the inside of the frame of each of the doors .0 tends to swing the doors open at all times, such tendency normally being resisted and the door being locked in container-closing position by a pin 42 projecting downwardly from each of the frames of the doors 40 and engaged by a cam surface 43 of a latch 44 which is pivoted at 45 to the underside of the bottom 32 of the container 38. The latch 44 is provided with a handle 46 adapted for swinging the latch about its pivot to engage the cam surface 43 with the pin 42, for rigidly locking the door in a closed position. The latch 44 is also provided with a rearwardly extending arm 41 provided with a downwardly extending lug 41a adapted to engage a latch-releasing cam fixed in and at a predetermined position along the track ID, as will be hereinafter described.

Each container 30 is provided with a pair of depending hinge lugs 48 which are pivotally connected to hinge lugs 49, 49 carried by each of the chain links 2|, by pivot pins 50, 50.

Projecting downwardly from the central front portion of the bottom frame 32 is a bracket 5| in which is secured a stud or axle 52 for rotatably receiving a roller or wheel 53 which is adapted to ride on the outer rails l2 and |2a of the track ill.

The loading of the containers 30 is accomplished at a loading station D along a section of that portion of the track II] which is disposed outside the casing intermediate the opposite ends thereof, The receptacles containing the different varieties of tobacco to be blended are disposed adjacent the track |0 along the loading station D to be readily accessible to the attendants loading the conveyer consisting of the train of containers 30, 30.

Each of the containers 30 is adapted to be tilted rearwardly, as indicated in Fig. 3, in one direction transversely of the track i0 and for this purpose a portion I21) of the outer rail |2a is elevated above the horizontal plane of the rail section I2. The portion |2o of the said outer rail is provided with an inturned flange I20 disposed above and overhanging the tops of the container rollers 53, to prevent tilting of the containers 30 beyond a predetermined angle.

The containers 3!] are tilted rearwardly for the purpose of facilitating the loading of the compartments 30a and 30b of each container with the bundles of tobacco leaves from the various receptacles disposed along the loading station D. In loading the containers 30 the tobacco leaves of the several varieties are laid in an upright position against the rearwardly inclined back wall .34 of the container with the heads of the bundles resting on the correspondingly rearwardly tilted bottom 32 of the container. The bundles are loosely packed in the container in this manner until full, whereupon the doors 40, 4B are closed and locked by the latches 44 by the attendant nearest the far end (7. of the loading station D, or automatically by means located near the said end of the loading station, as the train of containers moves in the direction of the arrow 11, Fig. 1

The outer rail He is inclined as illustrated at i211 from the level of the one end of the'elevated portion |2c to the level of the curved end section l3 of said outer rail, said curved section be.- ing in such a plane relative to the horizontal plane of the flange [5a of the sprocket H: as to move the containers from the rearwardly tilted positions shown in Fig. 3 to the substantially horizontal or level positions shown in Fig. 4, as the sprocket l5 rotates and moves the train of conveyer containers from that portion of the track I0 outside the casing onto that portion of the track within the casing I, said containers entering the casing at the end E thereof and continuing in the level positions completely through the said casing, from which the containers successively emerge at the end F'thereof.

As the containers are carried around the sprockets IS the curved end I4 of the outer rail of the track l0 begins to fall away vertically and inwardly toward the axis of the sprocket, as. indicated at Ma in Figs. 1 and 2. The said curved portion Ma of the outer rail of the track In merges with a compound curved portion |2e of the outer rail l2a, which in turn merges into a vertically disposed portion I21- of the rail.

As the containers move around sprocket I 6 the wheels 53 of thecontainers ride the inwardly descending portion l4a of the curved end I I of said rail, which causes the containers to tilt outwardly as indicated in Figs. 2 and 5, and as the movement of the containers continues and the Wheels 53 ride the compound curved portion l2e of the said outer rail and on to the vertical por tion l2 thereof the said containers 30 are tilted to a position substantially at with respect to the normal level position in which they travel through the casing I, such position being clearly illustrated in Fig. 4.

As each container moves into a position wherein its roller 53 is in engagement with the vertical portion l2f of the outer rail |2a the doors 40 of the containers 3!] are automatically opened by the lugs 47a of the latches 44 engaging an inclined cam 55, which is supported in a fixed position adjacent the vertical portion I2 of the outer rail by a bracket 56, as clearly indicated in Figs. 13 and 14. As the latches 44 successively release. the doors 48 of the containers 3!? the doors 36 are swung open to the position shown in Fig. 4 by the springs 4| whereby the entire contents of each compartment of each container 38 is discharged from the container, in the present instance on to the carrying run of a belt conveyer 60 by which the mixture of tobacco within the containers is transported to the apparatus for accomplishing the next step in the processing of the mixture.

The doors 4!] are each maintained in an open position substantially in alignment with the side walls 35 and 36 of the container by the springs 39 pressing the said doors against stop lugs 5! formed on the front 37 of the frame of the container.

With the doors of the container open, the said containers then pass from the discharging station G to the receiving end :2 of the loading station D, said containers being moved from the extreme forwardly tilted position in Fig. 4 to the rearwardly tilted loading position shown in Fig. 3, by the wheels 53 riding an outwardly and. upwardly bent compound curved portion 129 of the outer rail l2a.

The sprockets l5 and Iii, either or both, may be driven by any suitable motive power through any suitable type of power transmission, for driving the chain 20 continuously or intermittently, as occasion may demand or as may be desired, for carrying the train of conveyer containers along the course and through the cycle of movements described above.

The conditioning medium employed in the present instance is a comparatively wet steam which is jetted into the lower portion 6a of the conditioning chamber 6 through and by a series of perforated pipes 66, which are horizontally disposed below the bottom of the train of conveyer containers 39 and extend longitudinally of the chamber 6, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, 6, '7, and 9. The pipes 60 are perforated on their lower sides to direct the jets of steam downwardly toward the. floor 2 of the said chamber for tempering before contacting the tobacco in the containers.

Adjacent and substantially parallel to the steam jet pipes 60 is a series of heating pipes 6| by which the temperature of the steam in the lower portion 6a of the chamber 6 may be controlled as desired. The steam escapes from the pipes 60 at a predetermined pressure and builds up in the lower portion 6a of the chamber 6 from which and by its own pressure the steam ascends in the chamber 6 and is forced through the perforated bottoms of the containers into and through the mass of tobacco T in each of the compartments of each container.

The fronts and backs of the containers 30 are so closely positioned with respect to the walls 3 and 4 of the chamber 6 and the containers 30 of the train are positioned in such close relation to each other longitudinally of the conveyer as to prevent excessive amounts of the conditioning medium from passing around the containers, thereby forcing the conditioning medium to pass upwardly through the containers, whereby the said conditioning medium must of necessity find passage through the mass in each container, between the bundles and between the leaves of the individual bundles of tobacco, whereby the entire contents of each container is subjected to contact with the conditioning medium substantially simultaneously.

The conditioning medium after rising through the containers 30 and the tobacco confined therein accumulates in the upper portion 6b of the chamber 6 through which the said medium passes longitudinally of the casing I toward the delivery end thereof, as will be hereinafter described.

In that portion of the steaming compartment A immediately adjacent the transverse partition 1, the steam being jetted from the pipes 60 is augmented by water sprayed from spray heads 62 fed by water pipes 63 which run substantially parallel to the steam jet and heating pipes 60 and 6!. The heads 62 spray the water into the body of steam in the lower portion 6a of the chamber 6 and the temperature of the conditioning medium is thereby reduced to some extent below the temperature of the conditioning medium in the forward or receiving end of the chamber 6 and as this augmented steam rises through the containers disposed adjacent the partition 1 within the steaming compartment A the temperature of the tobacco will be correspondingly reduced, in what may be termed an antecooling step in the conditioning process.

The partition 7 as clearly illustrated in Fig. 6, is provided with an opening la sufliciently large to permit the containers 30 to pass through from the steaming compartment A to the cooling compartment 0, wherein the heating pipes are eliminated and a series of steam jet pipes 550a are provided, together with a series of water pipes 63a provided with spray heads 62a by which the temperature and/ or moisture content of the conditioning medium are governed.

Adjacent and running longitudinally of and parallel with the cooling compartment C, the casing l is provided with a lateral extension 65 forming a circulating chamber or compartment C adjacent the cooling chamber or compartment C, said extension 55 comprising a Wall 66 substantially parallel to the side wall 4 of the casing I, a floor 61 in the plane of the floor 2 of the compartment 6, a roof 68 in the plane of the roof 5 of the casing I, an end wall 69 substantially in the plane of the partition 1 and an end wall 7 substantially in the plane of the end wall at the discharge end F of the casing I.

It will be here noted that the casing l is provided with end walls "H and 12 at the receiving end E and discharge end F thereof respectively which, like the partition I, are provided with openings just sufficiently large to permit of the passage of the containers 39 into and out of the conditioning chamber 6.

The conditioning medium is circulated upwardly through the cooling compartment C and downwardly through the circulating chamber C and is drawn from the upper portion of the chamber C and discharged into the lower portion 6a. of the said chamber C through openings 11 and 13 formed in the upper and lower portions respectively of that part of the wall 4 disposed between the cooling compartment C and circulating chamber C In its downward course through the chamber C the conditioning medium is further cooled and saturated with water from spray heads H5 fed by the water pipe 15 extending longitudinally of the circulating chamber C The spent steam in the upper portion 6b of the steaming compartment A is drawn toward and through an opening "Eb formed in the upper pcr tion of the partition l by means of circulating fans 16 disposed in the openings i1 formed in the upper portion of the wall 4 between the cooling compartment C and the circulating chamber C as clearly illustrated in Figs. 2 and e.

Adjacent each of the openings ii a longitudinally extending inclined battle 1% is provided which directs the flow of conditioning medium outwardly toward the center of the chamber 9 before permitting it to be drawn through the openings Tl by the fans 16.

In this manner the spent steam in the upper portion 62) of the standing compartment A which normally would be exhausted to the outer atmosphere is carried or drawn into the cooling chamber and its temperature reduced for cooling of the tobacco by the spraying of the water from the heads 62a and 14.

The flow of conditioning medium passing from the steaming compartment A into the cooling compartment C is directed first into the one end of the circulating chamber C by an angularly disposed bafile Id and a flat bottom plate le extending from the partition I to the wall Q around the opening id in the said partition 1.

The circulating fans It in addition to circulating the conditioning medium through the cooling chamber C and circulating chamber C cause the conditioning medium to move longitudinally through the whole of casing I toward the delivery end thereof from which the conditioning medium is finally exhausted through a suitable flue 19.

The portion of the cooling compartment C immediately adjacent the delivery end of the casing l is devoid of all piping and the conditioning medium is merely circulated through the compartment C and chamber C and through the containers of tobacco Within the compartment C by the second fan 16a.

If desired a portion of the conditioning medium may be exhausted from an intermediate portion of the cooling compartment C through a flue and if desired, a flue 8! may be provided adjacent the receiving end of the casing i to exhaust a portion of the steam therefrom immediately adjacent the opening in the wall 1!, to carry off such steam as would tend to pass out of the casing through the container entrance opening in the end wall H.

Figs. 17 to 21 inclusive illustrate a modified form of the invention wherein the bundles of tobacco T are hung, heads up, on sticks or poles at which are supported at their opposite ends b and on horizontally moving chains or belts 9|, 9!

which pass longitudinally through a condition-' ing' chamber provided in and by a'casing 92. The casing 92 is provided with a partition 93 which divides the interior of the casing 92 into two separate compartments 9 and'95. The partition 99 is provided with an opening 96 partment to the next.

Adjacent the receiving end of the casing 92 and substantially parallel to the end, wall 91 thereof the said casing is provided with a partithrough which the tobacco passes from one comtion as, forming an end compartment which communicates with the flue 99 by'which conditioning medium may be discharged from the receiving end of the casing 92.

Spaced inwardly from the end wall 599, at the discharge end of the casing 92, is a similar partition it! which provides a second end compartm'ent communicating with a flue N12, for exhausting the conditioning medium from the discharge end of the casing 92. A supplemen 'tary flue H3 communicates with the interior of the casing 92 adjacent the partition l9], for exhausting the conditioning medium from the compartment of said casing.

Along one or" its sides the casing 92 is provided with a circulating chamber 593 which is divided by a partition 93a into two compartments 33a 5935 which communicate respectively with an the interiors of the conditioning compartments 9% and 95, through openings Hi9 and I95 formed in the upper portion of the side wall H36 of said casing, which separates the compartments 9 and 95 from the compartments IBM and 19311.

Adjacent the partition 93 and the floor I91 of the casing 92 the side wall I96 is provided with an opening Hi8 which communicates with an opening 199 formed in the lower portion of the partition 93 by a conduit H9. 7

In the side wall 596, within the chamber 95 and adjacent the floor I91, the side wall N16 is provided with openings i l, i 8 l in which are disposed circulating fans- H2, H2. The circulating fans l 52 draw the conditioning medium from the lower portion of the compartment 95, and also from, the lower portion of the circulating compartment 9930: through the conduit H9, and force said conditioning medium upwardly through the circulating compartment I531), from which the conditioning medium passes laterally through the opening [95 into the conditioning compart ment 95, thence downwardly through the bundles of tobacco T being carried through said chamber by the chains 9|.

The lower portions of the compartments 94 and 95 are provided. with'steam jets and water spray pipes and, if desired, heating pipes, which supply the conditioning medium to the lower portion of the casing ea.

In the steaming compartment Hit the condi- I thence downwardly and throughis forced upwardly and thence through the opening I05 in the side wall M6 to the upper portion of the chamber 95, wherein the conditioning medium by reason of the circulation created by the fans H2 moves downwardly through the tobacco and again into and through the ports i! l, a portion of the conditioning medium finally being discharged from the one end of the compartment through the flue H3 while that portion of the conditioning medium which passes through the opening in the partition Isl with the tobacco rises in the extreme end of the casing 92 and is drawn therefrom by the flue H12.

In a foregoing portion of the specification the doors 4i], 4% of the containers 36 are described as being closed by the attendant nearest the far end of the loading station D, or by automatic means located near the said end of the loading platform. Such means is clearly shown in Figs. 22 and 23, wherein, as the containers 3!! move along the track ill in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. l, and near the end d of the loading station D, with the doors to of the containers open, the ends ilo of the arms 4'! of the latches M engage a flared end l25a of a rail or angle bar I25 which is rigidly mounted adjacent and extends parallel to the rail lid of the track ii), see Figs. 22 and 23, to first assure the positions of the latches correctly for passage of the locking pins 42 on the doors 453 into position to be engaged by the cam surfaces 43 of the latches.

The leading door We, i. e. the door toward the right side of each container is closed by the door engaging an outwardly flared end i260, of a rail 26 rigidly secured to, adjacent and above the rail lZ-a of the track It.

The trailing door, i. e. the door toward the left side of each container is provided with a lug or arm 27, which, as, the container moves along the track 15, engages a flared end 128a of a fixed rail I28, paralleling the rails 22a, and !25, which swings the door 4H1) into a closed position.

The doors are held in their closed positions by the rails E25 and E23 until the container reaches the extreme end at of the loading station D, whereupon the outer ends of the latch arms 66 engage a flared end I29-a on a spring-pressed plate 129, which swings the latches 44 into their door looking positions before described.

The automatic door closing attachment above described is preferable to the manual closing of the doors, however, the doors may be closed manually and the automatic closing attachment pro vided as a safety means should the attendant for some reason fail to close one or more of the container doors, and in any event the springpressed plate i251 will function to press the latches i4 firmly into their door locking positions before the containers are tilted forwardly from their rearwardly inclined loading positions to their normal horizontal or level positions in which they travel through the conditioning chamber.

I claim:

1. A tobacco-conditioning apparatus comprising a relatively long primary compartment and a relatively short secondary compartment through which the material passes successively, means for supporting the material in transit in a compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed over substantially the entire width of the compartments, means for initially supplying a conditioning medium to the primary compartment under pressure below said mass for a single passage upwardly through the material under its own pressure to an exhaust space therein,

means affording communication between the exhaust space of the primary compartment and the under-mass portion of the secondary compartment, and means for circulating the conditioning medium in the secondary compartment through the material therein to draw the single passage conditioning medium into the secondary compartment from the exhaust space of the primary compartment.

2. A tobacco-conditioning apparatus comprising a relatively long primary compartment and a relatively short secondary compartment through which the material passes successively, a circulating compartment adjacent said secondary compartment, means for supporting the material in transit in a compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed over substantially the entire width of the compartments, means for initially supplying a conditioning medium to the primary compartment under pressure below said mass for a single passage upwardly through the material under its own pressure to an exhaust space therein and extending substantially the full length thereof, means for circulating the conditioning medium in the secondary and circulating compartments upwardly through the mass, and means affording communication between the circulating compartment and the exhaust space of the primary compartment adjacent the end thereof from which the material passes to the secondary compartment for drawing the single passage conditioning medium longitudinally through the exhaust space of the primary compartment into the circulating compartment for circulation in the secondary compartment.

3. A tobacco-conditioning apparatus. comprising a relatively long primary compartment and a relatively short secondary compartmentthrough which the material passes successively, a circulating compaitment adjacent said secondary compartment, means for supporting the material in transit in a compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed over substantially the entire width of the compartments, means for initially supplying a conditioning medium to the primary compartment under pressure below said mass for a single passage upwardly through the material under its own pressure to an exhaust space therein and extending substantially the full length thereof, means for circulating the conditioning medium in the secondary and circulating compartments upwardly through the mass, means affording communication between the circulating compartment and the exhaust space of the primary compartment adjacent the end thereof from which the material passes to the secondary compartment for drawing the single passage conditioning medium longitudinally through the exhaust space of the primary compartment into the circulating compartment for circulation in the secondary compartment, means in the secondary and circulating compartments for augmenting the conditioning medium in circulation in said secondary and circulating compartments adjacent the material entrance end of the secondary compartment, and means adjacent the material exit end of the secondary compartment for circulating the augmented conditioning medium through the secondary and circulating compartments.

4. A tobacco-conditioning apparatus comprising a; conditioning chamber, a partition extending transversely dividing said chamber into a relatively long priof the conditioning chambermary compartment and a relatively short secondary compartment through which and an opening in said partition the material passes successively from end to end of the conditioning chamber, means for supporting the material in transit in a compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed over substantially the entire width of the compartments, a circulating chamber laterally adjacent and extending substantially the full length of the secondary compartment, a conduit affording communication between the material exit end of the primary compartment and the circulating chamber, means initially supplying a conditioning medium to the primary compartment under pressure below said mass to force its way under its own pressure upwardly through said mass to the upper portion of the primary compartment above said mass for single passage upwardly through said material and circulating means between the secondary compartment and the circulation chamber for drawing the single passage conditioning medium through the conduit from the primary compartment and into the circulating chamber for circulation in thesecondary compartment.

5. A tobacco-conditioning apparatus comprising a relatively long primary compartment and a relatively short secondary compartment through which the material passes successively,

means for supporting the material in transit in a compacted moisture pervious mass horizontally disposed over substantially the entire width of the compartments, a series of jets for projecting conditioning steam into the primary chamber below the material to rise under inherent pressure of the steam in a single passage through said material to an exhaust space above said material, means affording communication between the exhaust 'space of the primary compartment and the secondary compartment, and means: for circulating the conditioning steam in the secondary compartment and drawing said single passage steam from the exhaust space of the primary compartment into the secondary compartment.

HERMANN S. 'BOGA'I'Y. 

